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1.
Henry Dring David Kreutzer Christoph Ritter Andreas Hilgeroth 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(1)
Despite the development of targeted therapies in cancer, the problem of multidrug resistance (MDR) is still unsolved. Most patients with metastatic cancer die from MDR. Transmembrane efflux pumps as the main cause of MDR have been addressed by developed inhibitors, but early inhibitors of the most prominent and longest known efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were disappointing. Those inhibitors have been used without knowledge about the expression of P-gp by the treated tumor. Therefore the use of inhibitors of transmembrane efflux pumps in clinical settings is reconsidered as a promising strategy in the case of the respective efflux pump expression. We discovered novel symmetric inhibitors of the symmetric efflux pump MRP4 encoded by the ABCC4 gene. MRP4 is involved in many kinds of cancer with resistance to anticancer drugs. All compounds showed better activities than the best known MRP4 inhibitor MK571 in an MRP4-overexpressing cell line assay, and the activities could be related to the various substitution patterns of aromatic residues within the symmetric molecular framework. One of the best compounds was demonstrated to overcome the MRP4-mediated resistance in the cell line model to restore the anticancer drug sensitivity as a proof of concept. 相似文献
2.
Toshiyuki Oyama Akira Kitamura Eiichi Sato Masao Tomoi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(8):2694-2706
The factors affecting pattern‐forming properties in reaction development patterning were examined with polyarylates with various bisphenol moieties. The developability of the photosensitive polyarylates was dependent on the properties of the subtituent (R) in the bisphenol moieties. The development time decreased in the following order: R?C(CH3)2 > fluorenyl unit ? phenolphthalein unit > C(CF3)2 > SO2. This order agreed with that of the reactivity between the polyarylates and ethanolamine, and these orders can be explained by pKa of the bisphenol used to prepare the polyarylates. The development with NH2? R′? OH resulted in successful positive‐tone pattern formation. However, pattern formation with the developers containing NH2? R′? OCH3 was unsuccessful. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 2694–2706, 2006 相似文献
3.
本文研究了邻位取代苯基氯化汞o-XC_6H_4HgCl(X=CH_3、H、Cl、Br、COOC_2H_5、NO_2)与HCl(NaI)在85%对氧陆圜水溶液中的质子分解反应,证明反应按S_El历程进行。视取代基不同,反应速度次序如下:CH_3>H>Cl>COOC_2H_5~Br>NO_2。从化学反应与紫外光谱的研究以及理论计算结果表明,p或π电子的邻位取代基对水原子有分子内配位,它对反应速度有重要影响。测定了15种p-、m-、o-取代苯基氯化汞在80%对氧陆圜水溶液中在40.0℃的质子分解反应的速度常数k_1,表明给电性取代基加速反应,吸电性取代基使反应减慢,这可以看作是反应中心在芳环上的芳基汞化合物的S_E1反应所具有的一个特点。 相似文献
4.
The energy of a disubstituted molecule has often been approximated by simple electrostatic formulas that represent the substituents as poles or dipoles. Herein, we test this approach on a new model system that is more direct and more efficient than testing on acid-base properties. The energies of 27 1,4-derivatives of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane were calculated within the framework of the density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level; interaction of the two substituents was evaluated in terms of isodesmic homodesmotic reactions. This interaction energy, checked previously on some experimental gas-phase acidities, was considered to be accurate and served as reference to test the electrostatic approximation. This approximation works well in the qualitative sense as far as the sign and the order of magnitude are concerned: beginning with the strongest interaction between two poles, a weaker interaction between pole and dipole, and the weakest between two dipoles. However, all the electrostatic calculations yield energies that are too small, particularly for weak interaction, and this fundamental defect is not remedied by some possible improvements. In particular, variation of the effective permittivity would require a physically impossible value less than unity. The explanation must lie in a more complex distribution of electron density than anticipated in the electrostatic model. It also follows that possible conclusions about the transmission of substituent effects "through space" have little validity. 相似文献
5.
Peter Jutzi Andreas Klipp Andreas Mix Beate Neumann Hans-Georg Stammler 《Silicon Chemistry》2007,3(3-4):151-156
Reaction of pentamethylcyclopentadienyl(pentachloro)disilane (2), prepared from hexachlorodisilane and potassium pentamethylcyclopentadienide
(Cp*K), with a further equivalent of Cp*K leads selectively to the title compound Cp*
2
Si
2
Cl
4 (3) which was characterized by NMR and X-ray structural data. Dehalogenation of 3 with four equivalents of sodium naphthalenide
offers an alternative route for the synthesis of decamethylsilicocene (1).
Dedicated to Professor Mitsuo Kira on the occasion of being honoured with the Wacker Silicon Award 2005. 相似文献
6.
The gas-phase electronic absorption spectra of (6-C6R6)2Cr (R = Me (1) and Et (2)) reveal Rydberg structures, which disappear on going to the condensed phase. Each spectrum shows a Rydberg series converging to the ionization threshold. The first ionization potential determined as the series convergence limit is 4.662±0.008 eV for 1 and 4.667±0.019 eV for 2. The Rydberg bands are due to the transitions from the non-bonding MO 3dz2 to the R4s and Rnp (n = 4—10) levels. The influence of methyl and ethyl substituents on the term values of the Rydberg transitions depends on the principal quantum number of the Rydberg MO. 相似文献
7.
Data on drugs of the tetrazole series published over the last decade are reviewed. The use of tetrazoles as isosteric substituents
of various functional groups is examined.
Dedicated to outstanding scientist Prof. E. Lukevics on his 70th birthday.
__________
Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 3–13, January, 2007. 相似文献
8.
9.
Ahmed M. Mayouf Yong-Tae Park 《Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. A, Chemistry》2002,150(1-3):115-123
The UV photolysis of 2′-chloro-4-R-benzanilides in acetonitrile solution under nitrogen atmosphere leads to the formation of intramolecular photocyclization products (9-R-phenanthridin-6(5)-one, 20–30%), along with the minor photoreduction, photo-Fries, and intramolecular photosubstitution products. The photoreaction of 2′-chloro-4-R-benzanilide in acetonitrile solution containing 10% of water or aqueous sodium hydroxide however gives 2-(4-R-phenyl)-1,3-benzoxazole as a major product (30%) along with the photoreduction, photo-Fries and intramolecular photocyclization products. 相似文献
10.